Operators Reference

Djazair provides standard arithmetic, comparison, logical, bitwise, assignment, increment/decrement, and identity operators.

Arithmetic Operators

Basic mathematical calculations:

let sum = 10 + 5    # Addition => 15
let diff = 10 - 5   # Subtraction => 5
let prod = 10 * 5   # Multiplication => 50
let div = 10 / 4    # Division => 2.5
let fdiv = 10 // 4  # Floor division => 2
let power = 2 ** 3  # Exponentiation => 8
let rem = 10 % 3    # Modulo => 1

Increment & Decrement

Both prefix and postfix forms are supported:

let n = 5
print(n++)  # Postfix: prints 5, then increments to 6
print(++n)  # Prefix: increments to 7, prints 7
print(n--)  # Postfix: prints 7, then decrements to 6
print(--n)  # Prefix: decrements to 5, prints 5

Logical Operators

Logical chaining uses descriptive keywords: and, or, and not:

let condition1 = True
let condition2 = False

print(condition1 and condition2) # => False
print(condition1 or condition2)  # => True
print(not condition1)            # => False

Identity Operators (is / is not)

Check if two variables reference the same object in memory:

let a = [1, 2]
let b = a
let c = [1, 2]
print(a is b)      # => True  (same reference)
print(a is c)      # => False (different objects)
print(a is not c)  # => True
print(Null is Null) # => True

Type Checking (instanceof)

Check if a value is an instance of a given type (pass type name as a string):

print(42 instanceof "Number")    # => True
print("hi" instanceof "String")  # => True
print(True instanceof "Bool")    # => True
print(Null instanceof "Null")    # => True
print([1,2] instanceof "Array")  # => True
print({"a":1} instanceof "Map")  # => True

class Animal end
class Dog is Animal end
let d = Dog()
print(d instanceof Dog)     # => True
print(d instanceof Animal)  # => True (inheritance)

Membership Operators (in / not in)

Check if items exist in strings, arrays, or maps:

print(2 in [1, 2, 3])       # => True
print(5 not in [1, 2, 3])   # => True
print("name" in {"name": "A"}) # => True (key exists)
print("orld" in "Hello World") # => True (substring)

Bitwise Operators

Perform operations at the bit level for integers:

print(5 & 3)    # Bitwise AND => 1
print(5 | 3)    # Bitwise OR => 7
print(5 ^ 3)    # Bitwise XOR => 6
print(~5)       # Bitwise NOT => -6
print(8 << 2)   # Left Shift => 32
print(8 >> 2)   # Right Shift => 2

Bitwise Assignment Operators

Djazair also supports assigning bitwise values directly:

let y = 5
y &= 3          # y becomes 1
y |= 3          # y becomes 3
y ^= 3          # y becomes 0
y <<= 2         # y becomes 0
y >>= 2         # y becomes 0