Loops & Iteration

# While loop
let count = 0
while count < 3
    print("Count: ${count}")
    count++
end

# Do-While loop (guarantees at least one execution)
let n = 0
do
    print("Executed at least once, n = ${n}")
    n++
while (n < 2)

# 1. Iterating over an Array
let items = ["Alpha", "Beta", "Gamma"]
for item in items
    print(item)
end

# 2. Iterating over an Integer Range (inclusive 0..4)
for i in 0..4
    print("Index: ${i}")
end

# 3. Iterating over a String (character by character)
for char in "Djazair"
    print(char)
end

# 4. Iterating over a Map with Key & Value
let capitals = {"Algeria": "Algiers", "Tunisia": "Tunis"}
for country, capital in capitals
    print("The capital of ${country} is ${capital}")
end

for i in 1..10
    if i == 3
        continue # Skip 3
    end
    if i == 6
        break    # Terminate loop at 6
    end
    print(i) # Prints 1, 2, 4, 5
end